![]() ![]() īED-CEIA is the most commonly used method for the identification of recent infections within 153 days (recency period). In practice, half a year is usually set as the follow-up interval, and incidence is generally calculated annually. This duration is significant to HIV surveillance, especially incidence surveillance. In China, recent HIV infections are defined as those infected within 12 months. Therefore, identifying recent HIV-1 infections from the newly reported cases is critical for the accurate estimation of HIV-1 epidemic. According to the Chinese Centre for Disease Control and Prevention, 50,330 HIV-1 infections were reported in 2015. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), of the 36.9 million people currently infected with HIV-1, two million are cases of recent infection. The prevalence of HIV-1 infection remains a serious concern, although some improvement in control and prevention of it has been achieved. WB-based method is a promising approach to predict recent HIV-1 infection, especially in resource-limited regions. In the validation set, overall agreement rate, sensitivity, and specificity were 88.46%, 84.78%, and 86.11% in the WB-based method and 50.00%, 84.78%, and 72.22% in the BED-CEIA method. The logistic stepwise regression analysis of WB method shows sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy of 93.02%, 92.11%, and 92.59%. The present status of p55 was more frequently missing in recently infected patients in both sets. Relative grey ratios of p24, p39, p31, p66, gp41, and gp160 were significantly higher in older infected patients of the training set. 81 subjects were enrolled in the training set and 72 in the validation set. The performance of the two methods on recent HIV-1 diagnosis was evaluated and compared. ![]() Western blot (WB) confirmatory test and BED-CEIA were performed. Participants were defined as having recent infection or older infection according to the estimated duration of HIV-1 infection and further assigned into training set and validation set according to their entering time points. Identifying recent infections is necessary to monitor HIV/AIDS epidemic however, it needs to be further developed. ![]()
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